Public Sector Transformation Through E-Government Read online

  Public Sector Transformation

  through E-Government

  Routledge Studies in Innovation, Organization

  and Technology

  1 Innovation in the U.S. Service

  8 Managing and Marketing

  Sector

  Radical Innovations

  Michael P. Gallaher, Albert N.

  Marketing New Technology

  Link and Jeffrey E. Petrusa

  Birgitta Sandberg

  2 Information and Communications

  9 Mobility and Technology in the

  Technologies in Society

  Workplace

  E-Living in a Digital Europe

  Edited by Donald Hislop

  Edited by Ben Anderson, Malcolm

  Brynin and Yoel Raban

  10 Energizing Management

  Through Innovation and

  3 The Innovative Bureaucracy

  Entrepreneurship

  Bureaucracy in an Age of

  European Research and Practice

  Fluidity

  Edited by Milé Terziovski

  Alexander Styhre

  11 Innovating for Sustainability

  4 Innovations and Institutions

  Green Entrepreneurship in

  An Institutional Perspective on the

  Personal Mobility

  Innovative Efforts of Banks and

  Luca Berchicci

  Insurance Companies

  Patrick Vermeulen and Jorg Raab

  12 Organizational Capital

  Modelling, Measuring and

  5 Knowledge and Innovation in

  Contextualising

  Business and Industry

  Edited by Ahmed Bounfour

  The Importance of Using Others

  Edited by Håkan Håkansson and

  13 User-Innovation

  Alexandra Waluszewski

  Barriers to Democratization and

  IP Licensing

  6 Knowledge and Innovation

  Victor R. G. Braun and

  A Comparative Study of the USA,

  Cornelius Herstatt

  the UK and Japan

  Helen Brown

  14 Working on Innovation

  Edited by Christophe Midler,

  7 Industrial Innovation in Japan

  Guy Minguet and Monique

  Edited by Takuji Hara, Norio

  Vervaeke

  Kambayashi and Noboru

  Matsushima

  15 Organization in Open Source

  23 Digital Virtual Consumption

  Communities

  Edited by Mike Molesworth and

  At the Crossroads of the Gift and

  Janice Denegri-Knott

  Market Economies

  Evangelia Berdou

  24 The Video Game Industry

  Formation, Present State, and

  16 Theory and Practice of Triple

  Future

  Helix Model in Developing

  Edited by Peter Zackariasson

  Countries

  and Timothy Wilson

  Issues and Challenges

  Edited by Mohammed Saad and

  25 Marketing Technologies

  Girma Zawdie

  Corporate Cultures and

  Technological Change

  17 Global Innovation in Emerging

  Elena Simakova

  Economies

  Prasada Reddy

  26 Public Sector Transformation

  through E-Government

  18 Creativity and Innovation in

  Experiences from Europe and

  Business and Beyond

  North America

  Social Science Perspectives and

  Edited by Vishanth Weerakkody

  Policy Implications

  and Christopher G. Reddick

  Edited by Leon Mann and

  Janet Chan

  19

  Managing Networks of Creativity

  Edited by Fiorenza Belussi and

  Udo Staber

  20 Managing Environmentally

  Sustainable Innovation

  Insights from the Construction

  Industry

  Bart Bossink

  21 Management and Information

  Technology

  Challenges for the Modern

  Organization

  Edited by Peter Dahlin and

  Peter Ekman

  22 Managing Organizational

  Ecologies

  Space, Management, and

  Organizations

  Edited by Keith Alexander and

  Ilfryn Price

  Public Sector Transformation

  through E-Government

  Experiences from Europe and North

  America

  Edited by Vishanth Weerakkody

  and Christopher G. Reddick

  NEW YORK LONDON

  First published 2013

  by Routledge

  711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017

  Simultaneously published in the UK

  by Routledge

  2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

  Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group,

  an informa business

  © 2013 Taylor & Francis

  The right of Vishanth Weerakkody and Christopher G. Reddick to be

  identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for

  their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77

  and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

  All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or

  utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now

  known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in

  any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing

  from the publishers.

  Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or

  registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation

  without intent to infringe.

  Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

  Public sector transformation through e-government : experiences from

  Europe

  and North America / edited by Vishanth Weerakkody and

  Christopher G. Reddick.

  p.

  cm.

  —

  (Routledge studies in innovation, organization and

  technology ; 26)

  Includes bibliographical references and index.

  1. Public administration—Technological innovations. 2. Internet

  in public administration. 3. Public administration—Technological

  innovations—Europe. 4.

  Internet

  in public administration—Europe.

  5. Public administration—Technological innovations—North America.

  6. Internet in public administration—North America. I.

  Weerakkody,

  Vishanth. II. Reddick, Christopher G.

  JF1525.A8P833 2012

  352.3'802854678—dc23

  2012010061

  ISBN13: 978-0-415-52737-8 (hbk)

  ISBN13: 978-0-203-09668-0 (ebk)

  Typeset in Sabon

  by IBT Global.

  Printed and bound in the United States of America on sustainably sourced

  paper by IBT Global.

  Contents

  List of Figures

  xi

  List of Tablesr />
  xiii

  1 Public Sector Transformation through E-Government

  1

  VISHANTH WEERAKKODY AND CHRISTOPHER G. REDDICK

  PART I

  Transformational E-Government

  2 Open Government as a Vehicle for Government Transformation

  9

  DENNIS LINDERS, SUSAN COPELAND WILSON, AND JOHN CARLO BERTOT

  3 E-Government and the Evolution of Service Canada:

  Transformation or Stagnation?

  25

  JEFFREY ROY

  4 Transformative E-Government and Public Service:

  Public Libraries in Times of Economic Hardship

  35

  JOHN CARLO BERTOT, PAUL T. JAEGER, AND NATALIE N. GREENE

  5 A

  Green Revolution: Innovation and Transformation in the

  Use of ICT by the Irish Department of Agriculture

  47

  FRANK BANNISTER, REGINA CONNOLLY, AND PHILIP O’REILLY

  6 Bridging E-Government and Performance in the Italian

  Public Sector

  60

  CARLOTTA DEL SORDO, REBECCA LEVY ORELLI, EMANUELE PADOVANI,

  AND ENRICO DEIDDA GAGLIARDO

  viii Contents

  7 Identifying Core Capabilities for Transformational Local

  Digital Government: A Preliminary Conceptual Model

  74

  LUIS FELIPE LUNA-REYES AND J. RAMON GIL-GARCIA

  PART II

  Benefi t

  fi s and Barriers to Transformation

  8 Examining Successful Public Sector Electronic Services

  in Finland

  91

  TOMMI INKINEN

  9 Identifying Online Citizens: Understanding the Trust Problem

  107

  RUTH HALPERIN AND JAMES BACKHOUSE

  10 Profi

  filing E-Participation Research in Europe and North

  America: A Bibliometric Analysis about Articles Published

  120

  MANUEL PEDRO RODRÍGUEZ BOLÍVAR, LAURA ALCAIDE MUÑOZ, AND

  ANTONIO M. LÓPEZ HERNÁNDEZ

  11 Rational Choice Theory: Using the Fundamentals of Human

  Behavior to Tackle the Digital Divide

  140

  PORCHE MILLINGTON AND LEMURIA CARTER

  12 E-Government for All: From Improving Access to Improving

  the Lives of the Disadvantaged

  152

  JEREMY MILLARD

  PART III

  T-Government and Public Service Delivery

  13 Collaborative Government: E-Enabled Interagency

  Collaboration as a Means for Government Process Redesign

  169

  ARI-VEIKKO ANTTIROIKO

  14 Diff

  ffusion of Personalized Services among Dutch Municipalities:

  Evolving Channels of Persuasion

  183

  VINCENT HOMBURG AND ANDRES DIJKSHOORN

  Contents ix

  15 E-Government Adoption of XBRL: A U.K./U.S. Comparison

  198

  RANIA MOUSA AND YU-CHE CHEN

  16 E-Government Implementation in Times of Change:

  The Role of Shared Services in Transforming Government

  211

  ANTON JOHA AND MARIJN JANSSEN

  17 E-Strategic Management Lessons from Greece

  224

  LEONIDAS G. ANTHOPOULOS, DIMITRIOS TRIANTAFYLLOU,

  AND PANOS FITSILIS

  18 State Response to Obama’s Broadband Access Policy:

  A Study in Policy Implementation

  242

  RAMONA MCNEAL

  Contributors

  255

  Index

  265

  Figures

  2.1 U.S. Open Government Initiative on the Gartner Hype

  Cycle. 19

  6.1 Types of accountability systems. 63

  6.2 Civit

  website—reform implementation—ministries and

  other entities section.

  68

  7.1 Geographic distribution of municipalities participating in

  the workshops. 79

  7.2 Main

  categories of core capabilities. 82

  7.3 Preliminary dynamic conceptual model of core capabilities. 85

  8.1 SMS

  ticketing process. 97

  8.2 Journey

  planner user interface steps.

  98

  8.3 A concise schematic of palkka.fi online user interface.

  99

  10.1 Time

  sequence for articles on e-participation (2000–2010).

  125

  10.2 Academic departments which investigate e-participation. 127

  12.1 Usage patterns of three types of government service user.

  156

  12.2 The focus of leading edge inclusive e-government practices,

  2005–2007.

  157

  12.3 Channel and targeting strategies of leading edge inclusive

  e-government practices, 2005–2007.

  158

  12.4 Maslow’s needs hierarchy adapted to individual needs.

  159

  12.5 Changing where ICT is used in the inclusive e-government

  service delivery value chain, 2005–2007.

  160

  12.6 New types of business model for delivering services to

  disadvantaged people. 162

  12.7 Day Activity project, the Netherlands.

  163

  13.1 Approaches to government process redesign.

  171

  13.2 Benefi tin

  fi

  g from e-enabled administrative simplification

  and redesign.

  177

  14.1 Model of institutional infl uenc

  fl

  e on adoption of personalized

  e-government. 194

  xii Figures

  16.1 Simplifie

  fi d model of the HRM SSC P-Direkt with its customers.

  214

  17.1 The strategic life-cycle. 228

  17.2 The

  strategy map of the Greek Information Society.

  235

  17.3 The strategy map of the Digital Convergence.

  235

  17.4 The strategy map of the Digital Convergence II.

  236

  17.5 Spending distribution during e-strategic implementation.

  238

  Tables

  2.1 Selected Accomplishments of the U.S. Open Government

  Initiative 14

  2.2 Transformation Goals Targeted to Address Grand

  Challenges through OGP Principles 15

  2.3 Open Government Enablers for Transformation 16

  5.1 Overview of Strategy 50

  5.2 Multilayer Architecture Used

  50

  5.3 Principal Stages in Adding Value

  55

  6.1 Italy’s E-Government Main Policy Strategies after Brunetta

  Reform 65

  6.2 Ministries: Status of Brunetta Reform Implementation

  through E-Government

  70

  7.1 Core Financial Capabilities from the Perspectives of Local

  CIOs 80

  7.2 Top

  Fifteen Capabilities in Terms of Importance

  83

  7.3 Assessment of Current Development of the Top Fifteen

  Capabilities 84

  8.1 Specially Awarded Electronic Services by the Finnish

  Information Society Policy Program in the Years 2004

  and 2006

  102

  9.1 Mission Creep Categories in Rank Order

  113

  9.2 Trustworthiness Attributes in Rank Order

  115

  9.3 Summary of Trust Perceptions Related to eID

  115

  10.1 Defi

  finitions of E-Participation Research Topics

  131

  10.2 Dimensions

&nbs
p; of E-Participation

  131

  10.3 Articles on E-Participation Found in Each JCR Journal

  (2000–2010) 132

  10.4 Chronological Distribution of Diff

  fferent Subjects Dealt with

  in E-Participation (USA Studies vs. Europe Studies)

  133

  10.5 Chronological Distribution of the Use of Methodologies

  135

  xiv Tables

  10.6 Methodologies Used to Analyze Each of the Phenomena

  Related to E-Participation (Percentage)

  136

  10.7 E-Participation

  Research Topics in the Main Journals 137

  11.1 Four Types of Access Divides 145

  11.2 Rational Choice Theory to Understand the Access Divide

  145

  11.3 Gaps Associated with the Four Access Divides

  146

  14.1 Review of Explanatory E-Government Studies

  184

  14.2 Summary and Formal Descriptions of Three Rival Diffusion

  Models

  187

  14.3 Prevalence of Personalization Attributes in Dutch Municipal

  E-Government Services

  189

  14.4 Parameters for Best Fit for E-Government Personalization

  Adoption in Municipalities in the Netherlands 2006–2010

  189

  14.5 Model Comparisons against White Noise Model 189

  14.6 Model Comparisons among Alternative Diffusion Models

  190

  14.7 Sources

  of Pressure

  191

  14.8 Organizational Search

  192

  14.9 Frames of Personalization 193

  15.1 Financial Results of CH’s Registration and Dissemination

  Services (2002–2010) 203

  16.1 Chronological Timeline of the HRM SSC P-Direkt 215

  16.2 Lessons Learned from the P-Direkt Case Study 218

  16.3 Main Characteristics of the New Project Approach after

  the Re-initiation of P-Direkt 220

  17.1 Analysis of Major E-Strategies 225

  17.2 The EFE Matrix for the Greek Strategies 232

  17.3 The IFE Matrix for the Greek Strategies 233

  17.4 The CPM for the Greek Cases

  234

  17.5 Major Large-Scale Projects Funded by the Greek E-Strategies 238

  18.1 State-Level Broadband Access Policy Implementation

  249

  1 Public Sector Transformation

  through E-Government

  Vishanth Weerakkody and

  Christopher G. Reddick

  TRANSFORMATION AND E-GOVERNMENT

  Over the last decade, governments in Europe and North America in par-

  ticular have intensifi

  fied their eff

  fforts to improve effi

  fficiency of public services

  through electronic government (e-government) influenc

  fl

  ed transformation

  of public institutions. It is in every government’s interest to make their

  public services more effi