The Yellow Wallpaper and Other Writings Read online

  “The repairs are not done at home, and I cannot possibly leave town just now. Of course if you were in any danger, I could and would, but you really are better, dear, whether you can see it or not. I am a doctor, dear, and I know. You are gaining flesh and color, your appetite is better, I feel really much easier about you.”

  “I don’t weigh a bit more,” said I, “nor as much; and my appetite may be better in the evening when you are here, but it is worse in the morning when you are away!”

  “Bless her little heart!” said he with a big hug, “she shall be as sick as she pleases! But now let’s improve the shining hours by going to sleep, and talk about it in the morning!”

  “And you won’t go away?” I asked gloomily.

  “Why, how can I, dear? It is only three weeks more and then we will take a nice little trip of a few days while Jennie is getting the house ready. Really dear you are better!”

  “Better in body perhaps—” I began, and stopped short, for he sat up straight and looked at me with such a stern, reproachful look that I could not say another word.

  “My darling,” said he, “I beg of you, for my sake and for our child’s sake, as well as for your own, that you will never for one instant let that idea enter your mind! There is nothing so dangerous, so fascinating, to a temperament like yours. It is a false and foolish fancy. Can you not trust me as a physician when I tell you so?”

  So of course I said no more on that score, and we went to sleep before long. He thought I was asleep first, but I wasn’t, and lay there for hours trying to decide whether that front pattern and the back pattern really did move together or separately.

  On a pattern like this, by daylight, there is a lack of sequence, a defiance of law, that is a constant irritant to a normal mind.

  The color is hideous enough, and unreliable enough, and infuriating enough, but the pattern is torturing.

  You think you have mastered it, but just as you get well underway in following, it turns a back-somersault and there you are. It slaps you in the face, knocks you down, and tramples upon you. It is like a bad dream.

  The outside pattern is a florid arabesque, reminding one of a fungus. If you can imagine a toadstool in joints, an interminable string of toadstools, budding and sprouting in endless convolutions—why, that is something like it.

  That is, sometimes!

  There is one marked peculiarity about this paper, a thing nobody seems to notice but myself, and that is that it changes as the light changes.

  When the sun shoots in through the east window—I always watch for that first long, straight ray—it changes so quickly that I never can quite believe it.

  That is why I watch it always.

  By moonlight—the moon shines in all night when there is a moon—I wouldn’t know it was the same paper.

  At night in any kind of light, in twilight, candle light, lamplight, and worst of all by moonlight, it becomes bars! The outside pattern I mean, and the woman behind it is as plain as can be.

  I didn’t realize for a long time what the thing was that showed behind, that dim sub-pattern, but now I am quite sure it is a woman.

  By daylight she is subdued, quiet. I fancy it is the pattern that keeps her so still. It is so puzzling. It keeps me quiet by the hour.

  I lie down ever so much now. John says it is good for me, and to sleep all I can.

  Indeed he started the habit by making me lie down for an hour after each meal.

  It is a very bad habit I am convinced, for you see I don’t sleep.

  And that cultivates deceit, for I don’t tell them I’m awake—O no!

  The fact is I am getting a little afraid of John.

  He seems very queer sometimes, and even Jennie has an inexplicable look.

  It strikes me occasionally, just as a scientific hypothesis,—that perhaps it is the paper!

  I have watched John when he did not know I was looking, and come into the room suddenly on the most innocent excuses, and I’ve caught him several times looking at the paper! And Jennie too. I caught Jennie with her hand on it once.

  She didn’t know I was in the room, and when I asked her in a quiet, a very quiet voice, with the most restrained manner possible, what she was doing with the paper—she turned around as if she had been caught stealing, and looked quite angry—asked me why I should frighten her so!

  Then she said that the paper stained everything it touched, that she had found yellow smooches on all my clothes and John’s, and she wished we would be more careful!

  Did not that sound innocent? But I know she was studying that pattern, and I am determined that nobody shall find it out but myself!

  ______

  Life is very much more exciting now than it used to be. You see I have something more to expect, to look forward to, to watch. I really do eat better, and am more quiet than I was.

  John is so pleased to see me improve! He laughed a little the other day, and said I seemed to be flourishing in spite of my wallpaper.

  I turned it off with a laugh. I had no intention of telling him it was because of the wallpaper—he would make fun of me. He might even want to take me away.

  I don’t want to leave now until I have found it out. There is a week more, and I think that will be enough.

  I’m feeling ever so much better! I don’t sleep much at night, for it is so interesting to watch developments; but I sleep a good deal in the daytime.

  In the daytime it is tiresome and perplexing.

  There are always new shoots on the fungus, and new shades of yellow all over it. I cannot keep count of them, though I have tried conscientiously.

  It is the strangest yellow, that wallpaper! It makes me think of all the yellow things I ever saw—not beautiful ones like buttercups, but old foul, bad yellow things.

  But there is something else about that paper—the smell! I noticed it the moment we came into the room, but with so much air and sun it was not bad. Now we have had a week of fog and rain, and whether the windows are open or not, the smell is here.

  It creeps all over the house.

  I find it hovering in the dining-room, skulking in the parlor, hiding in the hall, lying in wait for me on the stairs.

  It gets into my hair.

  Even when I go to ride, if I turn my head suddenly and surprise it—there is that smell!

  Such a peculiar odor, too! I have spent hours in trying to analyze it, to find what it smelled like.

  It is not bad—at first, and very gentle, but quite the subtlest, most enduring odor I ever met.

  In this damp weather it is awful, I wake up in the night and find it hanging over me.

  It used to disturb me at first. I thought seriously of burning the house—to reach the smell.

  But now I am used to it. The only thing I can think of that it is like is the color of the paper! A yellow smell.

  There is a very funny mark on this wall, low down, near the mopboard. A streak that runs round the room. It goes behind every piece of furniture, except the bed, a long, straight, even smooch, as if it had been rubbed over and over.

  I wonder how it was done and who did it, and what they did it for. Round and round and round—round and round and round—it makes me dizzy!

  I really have discovered something at last.

  Through watching so much at night, when it changes so, I have finally found out.

  The front pattern does move—and no wonder! The woman behind shakes it!

  Sometimes I think there are a great many women behind, and sometimes only one, and she crawls around fast, and her crawling shakes it all over.

  Then in the very bright spots she keeps still, and in the very shady spots she just takes hold of the bars and shakes them hard.

  And she is all the time trying to climb through. But nobody could climb through that pattern—it strangles so; I think that is why it has so many heads.

  They get through, and then the pattern strangles them off and turns them upside down, and makes their eyes white!

&
nbsp; If those heads were covered or taken off it would not be half so bad.

  ______

  I think that woman gets out in the daytime!

  And I’ll tell you why—privately—I’ve seen her!

  I can see her out of every one of my windows!

  It is the same woman, I know, for she is always creeping, and most women do not creep by daylight.

  I see her on that long road under the trees, creeping along, and when a carriage comes she hides under the blackberry vines.

  I don’t blame her a bit. It must be very humiliating to be caught creeping by daylight!

  I always lock the door when I creep by daylight. I can’t do it at night, for I know John would suspect something at once.

  And John is so queer now, that I don’t want to irritate him. I wish he would take another room! Besides, I don’t want anybody to get that woman out at night but myself.

  I often wonder if I could see her out of all the windows at once.

  But, turn as fast as I can, I can only see out of one at one time.

  And though I always see her, she may be able to creep faster than I can turn!

  I have watched her sometimes away off in the open country, creeping as fast as a cloud shadow in a high wind.

  If only that top pattern could be gotten off from the under one! I mean to try it, little by little.

  I have found out another funny thing, but I shan’t tell it this time! It does not do to trust people too much.

  There are only two more days to get this paper off, and I believe John is beginning to notice. I don’t like the look in his eyes.

  And I heard him ask Jennie a lot of professional questions about me. She had a very good report to give.

  She said I slept a good deal in the daytime.

  John knows I don’t sleep very well at night, for all I’m so quiet!

  He asked me all sorts of questions, too, and pretended to be very loving and kind.

  As if I couldn’t see through him!

  Still, I don’t wonder he acts so, sleeping under this paper for three months.

  It only interests me, but I feel sure John and Jennie are secretly affected by it.

  Hurrah! This is the last day, but it is enough. John to stay in town over night, and won’t be out until this evening.

  Jennie wanted to sleep with me—the sly thing! but I told her I should undoubtedly rest better for a night all alone.

  That was clever, for really I wasn’t alone a bit! As soon as it was moonlight and that poor thing began to crawl and shake the pattern, I got up and ran to help her.

  I pulled and she shook, I shook and she pulled, and before morning we had peeled off yards of that paper.

  A strip about as high as my head and half around the room.

  And then when the sun came and that awful pattern began to laugh at me, I declared I would finish it to-day!

  We go away to-morrow, and they are moving all my furniture down again to leave things as they were before.

  Jennie looked at the wall in amazement, but I told her merrily that I did it out of pure spite at the vicious thing.

  She laughed and said she wouldn’t mind doing it herself, but I must not get tired.

  How she betrayed herself that time!

  But I am here, and no person touches this paper but me,—not alive!

  She tried to get me out of the room—it was too patent! But I said it was so quiet and empty and clean now that I believed I would lie down again and sleep all I could; and not to wake me even for dinner—I would call when I woke.

  So now she is gone, and the servants are gone, and the things are gone, and there is nothing left but that great bedstead nailed down, with the canvas mattress we found on it.

  We shall sleep downstairs to-night, and take the boat home to-morrow.

  I quite enjoy the room, now it is bare again.

  How those children did tear about here!

  This bedstead is fairly gnawed!

  But I must get to work.

  I have locked the door and thrown the key down into the front path.

  I don’t want to go out, and I don’t want to have anybody come in, till John comes.

  I want to astonish him.

  I’ve got a rope up here that even Jennie did not find. If that woman does get out, and tries to get away, I can tie her!

  But I forgot I could not reach far without anything to stand on!

  This bed will not move!

  I tried to lift and push it until I was lame, and then I got so angry I bit off a little piece at one corner—but it hurt my teeth.

  Then I peeled off all the paper I could reach standing on the floor. It sticks horribly and the pattern just enjoys it! All those strangled heads and bulbous eyes and waddling fungus growths just shriek with derision!

  I am getting angry enough to do something desperate. To jump out of the window would be admirable exercise, but the bars are too strong even to try.

  Besides I wouldn’t do it. Of course not. I know well enough that a step like that is improper and might be misconstrued.

  I don’t like to look out of the windows even—there are so many of those creeping women, and they creep so fast.

  I wonder if they all come out of that wallpaper as I did?

  But I am securely fastened now by my well-hidden rope—you don’t get me out in the road there!

  I suppose I shall have to get back behind the pattern when it comes night, and that is hard!

  It is so pleasant to be out in this great room and creep around as I please!

  I don’t want to go outside. I won’t, even if Jennie asks me to.

  For outside you have to creep on the ground, and everything is green instead of yellow.

  But here I can creep smoothly on the floor, and my shoulder just fits in that long smooch around the wall, so I cannot lose my way.

  Why there’s John at the door!

  It is no use, young man, you can’t open it!

  How he does call and pound!

  Now he’s crying for an axe.

  It would be a shame to break down that beautiful door!

  “John dear!” said I in the gentlest voice, “the key is down by the front steps, under a plantain leaf!”

  That silenced him for a few moments.

  Then he said—very quietly indeed, “Open the door, my darling!”

  “I can’t,” said I. “The key is down by the front door under a plantain leaf!”

  And then I said it again, several times, very gently and slowly, and said it so often that he had to go and see, and he got it of course, and came in. He stopped short by the door.

  “What is the matter?” he cried. “For God’s sake, what are you doing!”

  I kept on creeping just the same, but I looked at him over my shoulder.

  “I’ve got out at last,” said I, “in spite of you and Jennie. And I’ve pulled off most of the paper, so you can’t put me back!”

  Now why should that man have fainted? But he did, and right across my path by the wall, so that I had to creep over him every time!

  If I Were a Man

  _____________

  IF I were a man,…” that was what pretty little Mollie Mathewson always said when Gerald would not do what she wanted him to—which was seldom.

  That was what she said this bright morning, with a stamp of her little high-heeled slipper, just because he had made a fuss about that bill, the long one with the “account rendered,” which she had forgotten to give him the first time and been afraid to the second—and now he had taken it from the postman himself.

  Mollie was “true to type.” She was a beautiful instance of what is reverentially called “a true woman.” Little, of course—no true woman may be big. Pretty, of course—no true woman could possibly be plain. Whimsical, capricious, charming, changeable, devoted to pretty clothes and always “wearing them well,” as the esoteric phrase has it. (This does not refer to the clothes—they do not wear well in the least—but to some specia
l grace of putting them on and carrying them about, granted to but few, it appears.)

  She was also a loving wife and a devoted mother possessed of “the social gift” and the love of “society” that goes with it, and, with all these was fond and proud of her home and managed it as capably as—well, as most women do.

  If ever there was a true woman it was Mollie Mathewson, yet she was wishing heart and soul she was a man.

  And all of a sudden she was!

  She was Gerald, walking down the path so erect and square-shouldered, in a hurry for his morning train, as usual, and, it must be confessed, in something of a temper.

  Her own words were ringing in her ears—not only the “last word,” but several that had gone before, and she was holding her lips tight shut, not to say something she would be sorry for. But instead of acquiescence in the position taken by that angry little figure on the veranda, what she felt was a sort of superior pride, a sympathy as with weakness, a feeling that “I must be gentle with her,” in spite of the temper.

  A man! Really a man—with only enough subconscious memory of herself remaining to make her recognize the differences.

  At first there was a funny sense of size and weight and extra thickness, the feet and hands seemed strangely large, and her long, straight, free legs swung forward at a gait that made her feel as if on stilts.

  This presently passed, and in its place, growing all day, wherever she went, came a new and delightful feeling of being the right size.

  Everything fitted now. Her back snugly against the seatback, her feet comfortably on the floor. Her feet?…His feet! She studied them carefully. Never before, since her early school days, had she felt such freedom and comfort as to feet—they were firm and solid on the ground when she walked; quick, springy, safe—as when, moved by an unrecognizable impulse, she had run after, caught, and swung aboard the car.

  Another impulse fished in a convenient pocket for change—instantly, automatically, bringing forth a nickel for the conductor and a penny for the newsboy.